ASTM D501-03(2023)

Standard Test Methods of Sampling and Chemical Analysis of Alkaline Detergents

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Summary

1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the sampling and chemical analysis of inorganic alkaline detergents.

1.2 The procedures appear in the following order:

	Sections
Caustic Soda:
?Sampling	5
?Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na₂O)	6 – 8
?Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)	?9 – 11
?Carbonate as Sodium Carbonate (Na₂CO₃)	12
?Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) by the Evolution Method	13 – 16
Soda Ash:
?Sampling	17
?Matter Volatile at 150?°C to 155?°C	18 and 19
?Total Alkalinity as Sodium Carbonate (Na₂CO₃)	20 – 22
?Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO₃)	23 – 25
?Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) by Potentiometric Titration	26 – 28
?Matter Insoluble in Water	29 and 30
?Apparent Density	31 and 32
Modified Soda (Sequicarbonate Type):
?Sampling	33
?Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na₂O)	34 – 36
?Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) and Sodium Carbonate (Na₂CO₃)	37 – 39
?Matter Insoluble in Water	40
Sodium Bicarbonate:
?Sampling	41
?Sodium Bicarbonate, Sodium Carbonate, and Free Moisture	42 – 45
?Matter Insoluble in Water	46
Sodium Metasilicate, Sodium Sesquisilicate and Sodium Orthosil- ??icate:
?Sampling	47
?Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na₂O)	48 – 50
?Total Silica as SiO₂	51 – 53
?Sodium Metasilicate (Na₂SiO₃·5H₂O)	54
?Sodium Sesquisilicate (3Na₂O·2SiO₂·11H₂O)	55
?Matter Insoluble in Water	56 and 57
?Loss on Ignition of Sodium Sesquisilicate (3Na₂O·2SiO₂ ·11H₂O)	58 and 59
?Sodium Orthosilicate (Na₄SiO₄)	60
Trisodium Phosphate:
?Sampling	61
?Trisodium Phosphate (Na₃PO₄) Content and Phosphorus ??Pentoxide (P₂O₅)	? 62 – 64
?Trisodium Phosphate Calculated as Na₃PO₄·12H₂O, Na₃PO₄· ??H₂O, Na₃PO₄, and as P₂O₅	? 65 – 68
?Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na₂O)	69 – 71
?Matter Insoluble in Water	72 and 73
Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate:
?Sampling	74
?Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate ??(Na₄P₂O₇)	? 75 – 79
?Matter Insoluble in Water	80 and 81
?Loss on Ignition	82 and 83
Borax:
?Sampling	84
?Total Borate and Excess Alkalinity or Acidity	85 – 87
?Matter Insoluble in Water	88 and 89
Sodium Triphosphate:
?Sampling	90
?Tritratable Na₂O	91 – 94
?Total P₂O₅:
??Preferred Method	95 – 97
??Alternative Method	?98 – 101
??pH Titration	102 – 107
?Quantitative Separation and Measurement of Various Phosphates:
??Reverse-Flow Ion-Exchange Chromatography (Preferred ???Method)	? 108 – 119
??Paper Chromatographic Method	120 – 127
?pH of 1 percent Solution	128
?Turbidity	129
?Temperature Rise	130 – 134
?Sulfate	135 – 137
?Ignition Loss	140 and 141
?Matter Insoluble in Water	142 – 144
?Particle Size	145
?Orthophosphate	146 – 151

1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material Safety Data Sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review them for hazards prior to usage.

1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Rationale:

These test methods cover procedures for the sampling and chemical analysis of inorganic alkaline detergents. These detergents include caustic soda, soda ash, modified soda (sequicarbonate type), sodium bicarbonate, sodium metasilicate, trisodium phosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, borax, and sodium triphosphate. Different tests shall be conducted in order to determine the following properties of the detergents: total alkalinity, matter insoluble in water content, apparent density, ignition loss, pH level, turbidity, temperature rise, and particle size. Chemical analysis of the samples shall be performed by using either reverse-flow ion-exchange chromatography or paper chromatography.

Technical characteristics

Publisher	American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM International)
Publication Date	10/01/2003
Confirmation Date	07/01/2023
Collection
Page Count	27
Themes	Surface active agents
EAN	---
ISBN	---
Weight (in grams)	---