ICAO Doc 9161:2023

The objective of this manual is to provide practical guidance to States, air navigation services providers, and designated charging and regulatory authorities to assist in the efficient management of air navigation services and in implementing ICAO's Policies on Charges for Airports and Air Navigation Services (Doc 9082).

This guidance takes into account the wide range of different circumstances faced by air navigation services providers. It is based on international policies and principles on air navigation services cost-recovery that States have developed through ICAO and describes procedures and practices that are in conformity with these policies and principles. The basis for these policies and principles is set out in Article 15 of the Convention on International Civil Aviation (Doc 7100), the charter of ICAO. Extensive policy guidance in this area was subsequently developed by the ICAO Council and is contained in Doc 9082.