SAE J 53:1993-07-01

This SAE Recommended Practice provides minimum performance and test criteria for the emergency steering of specified machines in the event of an engine or steering power source failure. This criteria shall enable machine manufacturers to uniformly evaluate emergency steering capability. This recommended practice is specifically limited to tractor scrapers, wheel loaders, wheel tractors, graders, and dumpers (as defined in SAE J1116 (January, 1977) and J1057a (June, 1975) which are designed to operate at a maximum rated speed in excess of 20.0 km/h (12.4 mph) and which employ power (source(s) in addition to the operator control effort to effect machine steering.