VDI 2310 Blatt 34:2017-11

The maximum immission values (MI values) for vanadium presented in this standard have the purpose to protect farm animals and the food derived from them. Usually the MI values are derived from long-term experiments designed to determine the dose-time-response relationships in farm animals. The MI values for vanadium are confined to those animal species with which such experiments were conducted. Under the present conditions of keeping and feeding, mainly those farm animals are at risk to be affected by vanadium, which are kept outdoors part of the time or year-round. However, other paths of entry into the fodder, aside from atmospheric deposition, are feasible, for example with feed phosphates. Because of a lack of information MI values could be derived only for sheep and fowl. If needed the values that apply to sheep can also be used in the case of goats and cattle.